Standards
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The availability and adoption of industry standards play an important role in permitting the electricity industry to be nimble enough to meet these challenges. Industry standards provide efficiency improvements, drive down costs, and expedite transformations.
TOC - Electrical science, key role industrial standards
- IEEE 519-2014 - Recommended Practice and Requirements for Harmonic Control in Electric Power Systems
- IEEE 1547-2018 - Standard for Interconnection and Interoperability of Distributed Energy Resources with Associated Electric Power Systems Interfaces
- BDS EN 50160 - Voltage characteristics of electricity supplied by public distribution networks
- BDS EN 50160 - Voltage characteristics of electricity supplied by public electricity networks
- BS EN IEC 61000 - Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)
IEEE 519-2014 - Recommended Practice and Requirements for Harmonic Control in Electric Power Systems
Goals for the design of electrical systems that include both linear and nonlinear loads are established in this recommended practice. The voltage and current waveforms that may exist throughout the system are described, and waveform distortion goals for the system designer are established. The interface between sources and loads is described as the point of common coupling and observance of the design goals will reduce interference between electrical equipment.This recommended practice addresses steady-state limitations. Transient conditions exceeding these limitations may be encountered.
IEEE 1547-2018 - Standard for Interconnection and Interoperability of Distributed Energy Resources with Associated Electric Power Systems Interfaces
The technical specifications for, and testing of, the interconnection and interoperability between utility electric power systems (EPSs) and distributed energy resources (DERs) are the focus of this standard. It provides requirements relevant to the performance, operation, testing, safety considerations, and maintenance of the interconnection. It also includes general requirements, response to abnormal conditions, power quality, islanding, and test specifications and requirements for design, production, installation evaluation, commissioning, and periodic tests. The stated requirements are universally needed for interconnection of DER, including synchronous machines, induction machines, or power inverters/converters and will be sufficient for most installations. The criteria and requirements are applicable to all DER technologies interconnected to EPSs at typical primary and/or secondary distribution voltages. Installation of DER on radial primary and secondary distribution systems is the main emphasis of this document, although installation of DERs on primary and secondary network distribution systems is considered. This standard is written considering that the DER is a 60 Hz source.
BDS EN 50160 - Voltage characteristics of electricity supplied by public distribution networks
BS EN 50160:2007 defines, describes and specifies the main characteristics of the voltage at a network user’s supply terminals in public low voltage and medium voltage electricity distribution networks under normal operating conditions.
BDS EN 50160 - Voltage characteristics of electricity supplied by public electricity networks
This European Standard defines, describes and specifies the main characteristics of the voltage at a network user”s supply terminals in public low voltage, medium and high voltage AC electricity networks under normal operating conditions. This standard describes the limits or values within which the voltage characteristics can be expected to remain at any supply terminal in public European electricity networks and does not describe the average situation usually experienced by an individual network user. NOTE 1 For the definitions of low, medium and high voltage see 3 (Definitions). This European Standard does not apply under abnormal operating conditions, including the following: a) a temporary supply arrangement to keep network users supplied during conditions arising as a result of a fault, maintenance and construction work, or to minimize the extent and duration of a loss of supply; b) in the case of non-compliance of a network user”s installation or equipment with the relevant standards or with the technical requirements for connection, established either by the public authorities or the network operator, including the limits for the emission of conducted disturbances; NOTE 2 A network user’s installation may include load and generation. c) in exceptional situations, in particular, 1) exceptional weather conditions and other natural disasters; 2) third party interference; 3) acts by public authorities; 4) industrial actions (subject to legal requirements); 5) force majeure; 6) power shortages resulting from external events. The voltage characteristics given in this standard are not intended to be used as electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) levels or user emission limits for conducted disturbances in public electricity networks. The voltage characteristics given in this standard are not intended to be used to specify requirements in equipment product standards and in installation standards. NOTE 3 The performance of equipment might be impaired if it is subjected to supply conditions which are not specified in the equipment product standard. This standard may be superseded in total or in part by the terms of a contract between the individual network user and the network operator. NOTE 4 The sharing of complaint management and problem mitigation costs between the involved parties is outside the scope of EN 50160. Measurement methods to be applied in this standard are described in EN 61000-4-30.
BS EN IEC 61000 - Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)
BS EN IEC 61000 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC).
This is a multi-part document divided into the following parts:
- Part 1-2 General. Methodology for the achievement of functional safety of electrical and electronic systems including equipment with regard to electromagnetic phenomena
- Part 2-2 Environment. Compatibility levels for low-frequency conducted disturbances and signalling in public low-voltage power supply systems
- Part 2-4 Environment. Compatibility levels in industrial plants for low-frequency conducted disturbances
- Part 2-9 Environment. Description of HEMP environment. Radiated disturbance. Basic EMC publication
- Part 2-10 Environment. Description of HEMP environment. Conducted disturbance
- Part 2-12 Environment. Compatibility levels for low-frequency conducted disturbances and signalling in public medium-voltage power supply systems
- Part 3-2 Limits. Limits for harmonic current emissions (equipment input current ≤ 16 A per phase)
- Part 3-3 Limits. Limitation of voltage changes, voltage fluctuations and flicker in public low-voltage supply systems, for equipment with rated current ≤ 16 A per phase and not subject to conditional connection
- Part 3-11 Limits. Limitation of voltage changes, voltage fluctuations and flicker in public low-voltage supply systems. Equipment with rated voltage current ≤ 75 A and subject to conditional connection
- Part 3-12 Limits. Limits for harmonic currents produced by equipment connected to public low-voltage systems with input current > 16A and ≤ 75A per phase
- Part 4-1 Testing and measurement techniques. Overview of immunity tests. Basic EMC publication
- Part 4-2 Testing and measurement techniques. Electrostatic discharge immunity test. Basic EMC publication
- Part 4-3 Testing and measurement techniques. Radiated, radio-frequency, electromagnetic field immunity test
- Part 4-4 Testing and measurement techniques. Electrical fast transient/burst immunity test. Basic EMC publication
- Part 4-5 Testing and measurement techniques. Surge immunity test
- Part 4-6 Testing and measurement techniques. Immunity to conducted disturbances, induced by radio-frequency fields
- Part 4-7 General guide on harmonics and interharmonics measurements and instrumentation, for power supply systems and equipment connected thereto
- Part 4-8 Testing and measurement techniques. Power frequency magnetic field immunity test. Basic EMC publication
- Part 4-9 Testing and measurement techniques. Pulse magnetic field immunity test. Basic EMC publication
- Part 4-10 Testing and measurement techniques. Damped oscillatory magnetic field immunity test. Basic EMC publication
- Part 4-11 Testing and measurement techniques. Voltage dips, short interruptions and voltage variations immunity tests
- Part 4-12 Testing and measurement techniques. Oscillatory waves immunity test. Basic EMC publication
- Part 4-13 Testing and measurement techniques. Harmonics and interharmonics including mains signalling at a.c. power port, low frequency immunity tests
- Part 4-14 Testing and measurement techniques. Voltage fluctuation immunity test for equipment with input current not exceeding 16 A per phase
- Part 4-15 Testing and measurement techniques. Flickermeter. Functional and design specifications. Basic EMC publication
- Part 4-16 Testing and measurement techniques. Test for immunity to conducted, common mode disturbances in the frequency range 0 Hz to 150 kHz
- Part 4-17 Testing and measurement techniques. Ripple on d.c. input power port immunity test
- Part 4-18 Testing and measurement techniques. Damped oscillatory wave immunity test
- Part 4-19 Testing and measurement techniques. Test for immunity to conducted, differential mode disturbances and signalling in the frequency range 2 kHz to 150 kHz at a.c. power ports
- Part 4-20 Testing and measurement techniques. Emission and immunity testing in transverse electromagnetic (TEM) waveguides
- Part 4-21 Testing and measurement techniques. Reverberation chamber test methods
- Part 4-22 Testing and measurement techniques. Radiated emission and immunity measurements in fully anechoic rooms (FARs)
- Part 4-23 Testing and measurement techniques. Test methods for protective devices for HEMP and other radiated disturbances
- Part 4-24 Testing and measurement techniques. Test methods for protective devices for HEMP conducted disturbance. Basic EMC publication
- Part 4-25 Testing and measurement techniques. HEMP immunity test methods for equipment and systems
- Part 4-27 Testing and measurement techniques. Unbalance, immunity test for equipment with input current not exceeding 16 A per phase
- Part 4-28 Testing and measurement techniques. Variation of power frequency, immunity test for equipment with input current not exceeding 16 A per phase
- Part 4-29 Testing and measurement techniques. Testing and measurement techniques. Voltage dips, short interruptions and voltage variations on d.c. input power port immunity tests. Voltage dips, short interruptions and voltage variations on d.c.input power ports. Immunity tests. Basic EMC Publication.
- Part 4-30 Testing and measurement techniques. Power quality measurement methods
- Part 4-31 Testing and measurement techniques. AC mains ports broadband conducted disturbance immunity test
- Part 4-34 Testing and measurement techniques. Voltage dips, short interruptions and voltage variations immunity tests for equipment with mains current more than 16 A per phase
- Part 4-39 Testing and measurement techniques. Radiated fields in close proximity. Immunity test
- Part 5-5 Installation and mitigation guidelines. Specification of protective devices for HEMP conducted disturbance. Basic EMC publication
- Part 5-7 Installation and mitigation guidelines. Installation and mitigation guidelines. Degrees of protection by enclosures against electromagnetic disturbances (EM code). Degrees of protection against electromagnetic disturbances provided by enclosures (EM code)
- Part 6-1 Generic standards. Immunity for residential, commercial and light-industrial environments
- Part 6-2 Generic standards. Immunity for industrial environments. Generic immunity standard for industrial environments
- Part 6-3 Generic standards. Emission standard for residential, commercial and light-industrial environments
- Part 6-4 Generic standards. Emission standard for industrial environments
- Part 6-5 Generic standards. Immunity for equipment used in power station and substation environment
- Part 6-7 Generic standards. Immunity requirements for equipment intended to perform functions in a safety-related system (functional safety) in industrial locations